C/SiC材料主被动氧化烧蚀机理及计算方法研究

基于热化学平衡方法建立了任意比例C/SiC材料的主被动氧化烧蚀模型，开展了C/SiC材料氧化烧蚀机理的计算研究，并基于典型材料烧蚀试验结果进行了充分验证。计算结果表明，C/SiC材料的氧化烧蚀特性取决于表面温度、氧分压以及组分等因素，可能会出现主动氧化和被动氧化两种破坏机制，目前的烧蚀模型能够预测出任意比例C/SiC材料两种氧化烧蚀机制的转换过程；SiC含量对C/SiC材料的氧化烧蚀特性有明显的影响，随着SiC含量的提升，主/被动氧化转换临界分压会减小，材料的抗氧化性能越好；但当材料均处于主动氧化阶段时，SiC含量越高材料的无量纲烧蚀速率越大，材料的抗烧蚀性能减弱。     

一种低摩擦系数复合润滑膜的结构与性能研究

采用微弧氧化和喷涂二硫化钼基润滑材料并在150 ～200℃固化2h左右的工艺,在铝合金表面制备了低摩擦系数的复合润滑膜.研究了复合润滑膜的结构与性能对摩擦系数的影响.结果表明,去除微弧氧化膜的表面疏松层获得以γ-Al2O3为主的致密硬化层,使其表面硬度明显提高,并且显著降低复合润滑膜的摩擦系数.微弧氧化层的硬度与载荷大...     

换热器镀层工艺研究

通过理论分析和工艺试验等方式,探索了由性能差异较大的不同材料组成的换热器选择性电镀工艺方法.采用局部遮蔽、浸蚀溶液的选择、预镀工艺的确定等方式,保证了组合件上各型面、各材料上的镀层质量,换热器上局部镀覆层既满足钎焊性,同时又满足高温抗氧化性的功能要求,并顺利完成了钎焊和热试车.本研究成果已在多个结构复杂的换热器上得到推...     

胶粘剂拉伸剪切强度不合格原因分析

针对X牌号环氧胶粘剂在试验过程中出现拉伸剪切强度不合格的现象,通过大量的试验查找原因,最终确定了影响胶粘剂拉伸剪切强度的因素。同时,提高了对试片的制备、处理、粘接、固化的理论认识和实际操作水平。     

前处理工艺对航空铝锂合金硫酸阳极氧化膜层性能影响

针对一种新研制的航空用Al-Li-Cu-Zn-Mg系铝锂合金,采用了光学显微镜、电子显微镜和能谱分析技术,分析碱腐蚀和三酸脱氧两种不同前处理工艺对铝锂合金硫酸阳极氧化膜层的外观、耐蚀性和疲劳性能的影响规律。结果表明:相比三酸脱氧工艺,碱腐蚀工艺对铝锂合金表面的腐蚀程度较深,晶界处的耐腐蚀能力较差,硫酸阳极氧化膜层表面形成了网状晶界形貌;采用碱腐蚀处理的试样疲劳寿命较三酸脱氧处理试样更低,而不同前处理后经过硫酸阳极氧化的试样疲劳寿命相差不大。不同前处理对铝锂合金的硫酸阳极氧化膜层的耐蚀性的影响不大。     

两种MCrAlY涂层/DD6合金的循环氧化和互扩散行为

在DD6单晶高温合金基体上,利用电子束物理气相沉积(EB-PVD)技术制备Ni Co Cr Al Y涂层,采用低压等离子喷涂(LPPS)技术制备Ni Co Cr Al YHf Si涂层,通过扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线能谱(EDS)、X射线衍射(XRD)、电子探针显微分析(EPMA)等手段研究了在1100℃下的热循环氧化和互扩散行为。结果表明,涂层显著提高了DD6基体的抗氧化能力,经100h的循环氧化后,涂层表面氧化层主要成分仍为α-Al2O3,依然发挥着较好的抗氧化保护作用。这两种涂层与基体之间形成了互扩散区(IDZ)和二次反应区(SRZ),IDZ和SRZ的厚度均随着循环氧化时间延长而增大;SRZ中析出的棒状与颗粒状的拓扑密堆相(TCP)含有W、Re、Mo等高熔点元素,其质量分数分别高达37.51%、14.22%和10.61%,TCP含量随着氧化时间而增多。活性元素Si、Hf对涂层中富Cr相和TGO的增长速率均有一定的抑制作用。     

2198和5A90铝锂合金脉冲阳极氧化膜制备及耐蚀性

在18%(质量分数,下同)H_2SO_4+5%C_2H_2O_4水溶液中,采用脉冲(PC)电流对2198和5A90两种铝锂合金进行阳极氧化处理。用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察铝锂合金阳极氧化膜表面和截面形貌;用能谱仪(EDS)对其成分进行面扫描和线扫描;用动电位极曲线检测氧化膜在3.5%NaCl水溶液中的耐蚀性。结果表明:2198和5A90铝锂合金阳极氧化膜主要由Al的氧化物组成;2198合金氧化膜表面存在细小颗粒,厚度约为150μm;5A90合金氧化膜表面存在微孔,为后续封孔处理提供结构条件,厚度约为180μm;用脉冲方法在两种铝锂合金表面生成的较厚阳极氧化膜具有较高的耐蚀性。     

Assessing the feasibility of involving gaseous products resulting from physicochemical oxidation of human liquid and solid wastes in the cycling of a bio-technical life support system

The study addresses the possible ways of involving gaseous products produced by “wet” incineration of human wastes mixed with H₂O₂ in an alternating electric field in the cycling of the physical model of a bio-technical life support system (BTLSS). The resulting gas mixture contains CO₂ and O₂, which are easily involved in the cycling in the closed ecosystem, and NH₃, which is unacceptable in the atmosphere of the BTLSS. NH₃ fixation has been proposed, which is followed by nitrification and involvement of the resulting products in the mass exchange of the closed system. Experiments have been performed to show that plants can be grown in the atmosphere resulting from the closing of the gas loop that includes a physicochemical installation and a growth chamber with plants representing the phototrophic compartment of the BTLSS. The results of the study suggest the conclusion that the proposed method of organic waste oxidation can be a useful tool in creating a physical model of a closed-loop integrated BTLSS.     

镁合金在空空导弹导引头上应用可行性研究

对空空导弹导引头上镁合金材料的选用、加工、表面处理、结构装配、盐雾试验等方面进行了研究。首先在目前应用较为广泛的镁合金材料牌号中选取了适合导引头结构应用的MB15来代替目前应用的铝合金材料,并选取导引头中具有代表性的薄壁、高精度试验件进行了加工试制;其次对试制试验件选取不同的表面处理方法进行表面处理,通过装配、盐雾试验来验证其表面处理的防腐蚀能力;最后给出了在空空导弹导引头上应用镁合金的合理建议。     

Morphology and Frictional Characteristics Under Electrical Currents of Al203/Cu Composites Prepared by Internal Oxidation

Two AhO3/Cu composites containing 0.24 wt.% A1203 and 0.60 wt.% A1203 separately are prepared by internal oxidation.Effectsof sliding speed and pressure on the fi-ictional characteristics of the composites and copper against brass are investigated and compared.The changes in morphology of the sliding surface and subsurface are examined with scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectrum (EDS).The results show that the wear resistance of the AI203/Cu composites is superior to that of copperunder the same conditions.Under a given electrical current,the wear rate of AI203/Cu composites decreases as the AleO3-content increases.However,the wear rates of the Al203/Cu composites and copper increase as the sliding speed and pressure increase under drysliding condition.The main wear mechanisms for AleO3/Cu composites are of abrasion and adhesion;for copper,it is adhesion,although wear by oxidation and electrical erosion can also be observed as the speed and pressure rise.